e. The capsular polysaccharide antigens of S. pneumoniae do not induce immunological memory. a) capsid Match each of the following factors to how it influences whether a particular chemical will prove to be dangerous. we are exposed to many sources of harm, and it is difficult to separate the effects of different hazards in order to evaluate their risks accurately. d. The radish cells were hypotonic to the water in which they were soaking. Both bacteria and viruses use host cells to reproduce, but viruses . b) enter a replicative cycle that kills the host cell. The KaK_aKa of nitrous acid, HNO2HNO_2HNO2, is 6.761046.76 \times 10^{-4}6.76104. host cell indefinitely. Solved Which of the following statements accurately | Chegg.com Ebola hemorrhage fever is caused by a ______, and was the source of an epidemic in western Africa in 2014. Eat fewer calories and exercise more - Reduces obesity-related illnesses c. Both membranes consist of two concentric phospholipid bilayers, are selectively permeable, and have pores. Trauma - Car accidents If a bottle of perfume were spilled in the corner of a large lecture hall, the students sitting near that corner of the room would very quickly smell the perfume. 5. 80% of antibiotics used in the United States are _______. a. osmosis So, the water osmosed across the plasma membranes into the radish cells decreasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells. Viruses contain DNA, so they are alive. Patriot Lite Travel Medical Insurance SM - Addresses the insurance needs of U.S. and non-U.S. citizens who need temporary medical insurance while traveling for business or pleasure anywhere outside of their home country. The membranes of the mitochondria provide a place for enzymes needed for cellular respiration to anchor and function. c. variable surface glycoproteins Toluene and formaldehyde from cigarette smoke - Inhalation (respiratory tract) It is the major activating cytokine of macrophages. c. lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by deficiency of SH2D1A Can you add thermal energy to an object without increasing its temperature? 13-29 Severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) describes a condition in which neither _____ nor _____ are functional. d. MHC class I; MHC class II molecules. . become capable of human-to-human transmission Which of the following statements accurately describes the lysogenic cycle of lambda () phage? You buy a bunch of small, round, red radishes at the grocery store; they are on sale because they have been sitting in the produce aisle for a while. Which of the following statements explains why, despite these probability calculations, people perceive driving as less risky and are more accepting of the associated risks? c) re-infection by a closely related herpesvirus of a different strain A virus is living because it has DNA that stores genetic information. d. Chdiak-Higashi syndrome caused by deficiency of CHS1 Match the examples to chronic or acute effects and exposures. However, a huge health scare in Flint, Michigan, occurred in 2016 when children were exposed to lead through ______. Chapter 13 Immunology Flashcards | Quizlet b. chronic granulomatous disease Which of the following accurately describes HIV? B) Most of the prophage genes are activated by the product of a particular prophage gene. When the toxic burden of organisms at a lower trophic level is accumulated and concentrated by a predator in a higher trophic level it is called ______. 13-2 _____ results when a gene affecting the immune system mutates, thereby compromising the body's defense against infection. Which of the following statements accurately describes the concepts of disease and illness? Quiz 19: Viruses | Quiz+ d. active transport. Each factor listed below plays a role in determining environmental toxicity. a. water (H2O) f. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Trends in obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and diabetes show that such diseases are ______. a. CD18; produce cell adhesion molecules 13-6 All of the following use gene conversion to avoid immune detection except _____. They are only capable of reproducing once inside a living host cell Viruses are living cells that are lacking the necessary structures to carry out cellular functions. b. Dog attacks. Culture the substance by itself on nutritive medium, away from any plant cells. B) The focus of nurses is the person with an illness. a. a virus. What does the saying "the dose makes the poison" mean? New York State coalition hepatitis C consensus statement leads to governor's action. DDT is a well-known case of biomagnification in the environment. arXiv:2203.10869v2 [math.AP] 1 Mar 2023 Well-posedness for a diusion-reaction compartmental model simulating the spread of COVID-19 Ferdinando Auricchio( ) d. They do not readily mix with the hydrophobic tails forming the core of the phospholipid bilayer; therefore, the only way they can move into the cell is by endocytosis. Persistence of chemicals can be a concern for health because such ______. b) Viruses can replicate independently of their cellular hosts. Match the persistent organic pollutant (POP) of current concern to its source. c. processing to peptides is not required for T-cell activation c. a specialized membrane-bound vesicle; infection of the cell Sensors | Free Full-Text | Multilayer Model in Soil Moisture Content During the process of ________, water diffuses across a semipermeable membrane from an area where water is more concentrated to an area where water is less concentrated (it moves along the water concentration gradient). d. a chromosome, where the pipe cleaners represent bundles of proteins around which the DNA double helix (wired ribbon) is wrapped. The dose-response curve showing LD50, as provided here, describes which of the following ideas? 13-47 Which of the following statements regarding inherited immunodeficiency diseases is correct? POPs, or ______________ _____________ ______________, are dangerous because they don't degrade quickly and cells readily take them up. In this paper, static cone penetration test data of a project site are used, and random field theory is . With the first bite, you notice their texture is not as crisp and crunchy as you like. d. They cause excessive synthesis and release of cytokines. A virus is made up of a DNA or RNA genome inside a protein shell called a capsid. Includes pectins, vitamins (like A, C, and E), and cruciferous vegetables (like cabbage and broccoli) in your diet. White-nose syndrome is a fungal disease that is devastating bat populations, causing mortality of 90 percent or more in infected colonies. ", lethal dose of a chemical for half of the population. B. d. factor D They a View the full answer Transcribed image text: Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between bacteria and viruses? The dose-response curve shown here describes which of these ideas? 13-79 A patient is diagnosed with AIDS when CD4 T-cell counts _____. . The saline you used was hypotonic to the RBCs; this resulted in water osmosing through the RBC plasma membrane mostly into the cells. b. proper hand washing. Cell W. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are primarily distinguished by the absence or presence of internal membrane-enclosed organelles. - They are both caused by viruses. a. the cytosol. a. Antigenic drift; antigenic shift - educating women. c. inhibition of MHC class I expression stable, they do not degrade easily and have become extremely widespread in the environment. b. hyper IgM syndrome caused by deficiency of CD40 ligand A mutation in the gene encoding the integrase enzyme (the protein that inserts the dsDNA into a host cell's DNA) renders the protein non-functional. d. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids, a. water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2). - Age affects susceptibility to toxins, as chemicals that might be relatively harmless to adults may be dangerous to young children. - when risks are known and we feel in control of the outcome. - The mere presence of a toxin is insignificant without considering how much is there, where it is located, how accessible it is, and who is exposed. Editor's Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Exposure to background radiation, like from radon gas - Chronic exposure Which of the following statements most accurately describes a selectively permeable membrane? You observe layers of cells that have a definite, rigid, rectangular shape; there appears to be a nucleus in all of the cells and there are many oval-shaped green structures that seem to be moving around inside of the cells in an orderly fashion. 120 seconds. c. CD28 You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, or prion. Which of the following can be used to accurately describe viruses? A. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the left atrium via the pulmonary arteries B. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the right atrium via the pulmonary veins c. Proviruses are flanked by repetitive sequences called long terminal repeats (LTRs). Membranes budded off of the oil in this mixture. a) The gp120 glycoprotein would no longer be able to bind to the CCR5 receptor. - Acute exposure involves a single contact with a toxic chemical. a. smooth ER c. lysosome stable chemicals are resistant to degradation and can cause problems long after application and far from the sites where they were originally used. - Vegetables, whole grains, and other healthy foods can boost our ability to tolerate toxins. a. adenosine deaminase (ADA) This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypotonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypertonic. c) Reverse transcription would no longer be possible. Steps of Virus Infections. d. a eukaryotic cell with a nucleus. A piece of dialysis tubing has been filled with a cloudy white solution of 5 percent starch, 5 percent egg albumin (protein), and 5 percent glucose (a small sugar) dissolved in water to simulate a cell. Which of the following is/are part of accepted cell theory? Reference: ref 1 b) casing Rank the order of the following causes of death, putting the lowest risk of death for a person in the United States on bottom and the highest risk of death at the top. possibility of suffering harm or loss resulting from a given action, process of estimating the threat a particular hazard poses to human health. Well-posedness for a diusion-reaction compartmental model simulating 4. d. Certain solutes move freely across the membrane by simple diffusion while others must be helped across by active or passive transport proteins; some substances are completely excluded from crossing the membrane. the host cell is turned into a virus. Poliovirus is an RNA virus of the picornavirus group, which uses its RNA as mRNA. a. neuraminidase - The damage to genetic material by mutagens can lead to birth defects if the exposure occurs during fetal development. a. c. a prokaryotic cell without a nucleus. b. virus cells . No color change in the beaker tells us that the starch was too large to cross the membrane from the cell and into the beaker. Interpret this graph by matching each label to the correct line in the graph. Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between viruses and bacteria? Correctly match the environmental disease agent to its example. 25 ppm - Ospreys. O The presence of an envelope influences viral entry and exit strategies. Outbreaks of health problems that have a psychological rather than a physical basis are referred to as ______. c. secondary immunodeficiency diseases What do viruses need to reproduce? The Black Death, the 1918 influenza, and the H1N1 flu virus were all ______, as they caused widespread and worldwide infections. - requires manufacturers to show that a substance is not dangerous before it is introduced into the marketplace. Radiation - UV rays. They are only capable of reproducing once inside a living host cell. An amoeba, a protozoan that moves by pseudopodia, approaches a smaller protozoan and extends its pseudopodia (extensions of cytoplasm in plasma membrane) around the smaller protozoan. a) The gp120 glycoprotein would no longer be able to bind to the CCR5 receptor. Potential routes of exposure to toxins in the environment. d. viruses are prokaryotic and bacteria are eukaryotic . a. is the place where a cell's genetic material is stored. a. b. proteins. The majority of the SMC is . At times we lack the medicines with which to treat them, as some emergent diseases are caused by drug-resistant strains of a pathogen. Determine the average shear stress on the wetted perimeter of this channel. a. channel proteins Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. Explanation :-:virus are acellular. Which of the following would be likely to move through a plasma membrane by simple diffusion? You and your parents may disagree about the risk associated with your exposure to tobacco or alcohol. 13-18 Which of the following is not associated with bacterial infection due to a genetic defect in or pathogen-induced subversion of normal phagocytic processes? In the graph shown, match each dose-response curve with what it represents about the possible response at low doses of exposure to a toxin. It may last a few seconds or a few hours. Oil-soluble types - These substances need a carrier molecule to move through the environment, but once they are inside cells they likely accumulate and persist. Which of the following statements accurately describes how endocrine disrupters affect us? e. Listeria monocytogenes How can a single sheet of Polaroid film be used to show that the sky is partially polarized? - Infectious diseases such as diarrhea are on the decline globally. Explain. The epidermis layer functions like a covering of skin to protect the leaf while vascular bundles carry water and nutrients through the leaf. Setting environmental health policy is challenging because ______. a. transcriptional regulators of HLA class II loci So, excluding these clients from both years, we would have recorded revenue growth of 7% in 2022.". Show transcribed image text Toxic substance - These substances damage or kill living organisms because they react with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions. The water will mostly move from side "A" to side "B" because the water concentration is higher on side "A." a. osmosis. Viruses are very diverse. Cells naturally, without using energy, respond to changes in water concentration through the process of Choose ALL that apply. d. I would expect to find the photosynthetic enzymes associated with the ER of the bacteria. How would the affect the HIV infection cycle? c. T cells; CD8 d. Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all living cells arise from preexisting cells. People living in ______ areas, especially in ______, are particularly susceptible to death linked to air pollution. What phenomenon has occurred to the perfume molecules that have entered the air? Solution The correct option is D photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. nonspecific activation 2-20% of body's CD8 T cells. Viruses can reproduce only using a host cell. - Allergens activate the immune system. Are prokaryotic cells at an evolutionary disadvantage because they lack organelles? a. plasma membrane. A protein molecule, transferrin, embedded in the plasma membrane recognizes iron molecules and causes the plasma membrane to fold in around the iron and take it into the cell. b. S. pneumoniae is never completely eradicated during an infection and can reactivate if the host is immunocompromised. Pollution - Noise Answered: Which of the following statements | bartleby From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form and why are they important? The cell should lose weight over time because it is hypertonic to the beaker environment and water will leave the cell through osmosis. B.) b) Formation of the provirus would be stopped. c. The water will mostly move from side "A" to side "B" because the water concentration is higher on side "B." What do you expect to happen to the weight of the cell over time and what can you deduce from the color change? Which of the following statements accurately describes the lysogenic cycle of lambda () phage? a) enter a replicative cycle that does not kill the host cell. True or false: Sick building syndrome refers to symptoms such as headaches, allergies, and chronic fatigue caused by a variety of toxins that build up in poorly ventilated indoor spaces. A nonliving complex of RNA or DNA protected by a protein coat c. CD40 ligand; produce GM-CSF Proviruses form immediately after the RNA genome assembles with viral proteins and infectious irons are produced, 13-68 The pol gene of HIV produces all of the following except _____. Which of the following is something bacteria and viruses have in common? 13-50 Which of the following deficiency syndromes affects T-cell but not B-cell function? Registered Nurse Job in Saint Joseph, MI at Trinity Health Which of the following statements accurately describes how viruses reproduce? Asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold. Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections? Key points: A virus is an infectious particle that reproduces by "commandeering" a host cell and using its machinery to make more viruses. Question 4 120 seconds Q. - spreading worldwide. B. c. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV - improved sanitation d. The water will not move at all because the water concentrations are isotonic. answer choices. d. There will be no net movement of water because the solutions are isotonic. Viral genomes consist of what type of nucleic acid molecules? Heart disease and cancer - These have risks of 1 in 6-7 - do not damage or kill living organisms by reacting with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions The water will mostly move from side "B" to side "A" because the water concentration is higher on side "B." b. anti-HIV antibodies are detectable in their blood serum 2. d. Women are more likely than men to inherit X-linked immunodeficiencies. They are often harmful even in extremely dilute concentrations a. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV You are a microbiologist working with a species of bacteria that can perform photosynthesis. The cell should lose weight over time because it is hypotonic to the beaker environment and water will enter the cell through osmosis. answer choices Organism that lives on the cell and causes it harm Something that causes harm to the cell Cell that the virus invades and takes over Question 3 120 seconds Q. A. 13-30 Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome involves an impairment of _____. c. Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens. b. classical complement and blood-clotting pathways A virus is living because it has an envelope that acts like a cell membrane. 101 Quiz - Quizizz Quiz 17: Viruses | Quiz+ When iodine and starch are mixed together, they form a bluish-black compound that is easily seen. f. SCID caused by deficiency of common chain. For additional recruiting questions, please contact Isaac.Phelps@state.co.us. Which of the following virus types inserts a double-stranded DNA copy of its genome into the host cell's genome? Factor related to the organism - Immunological status at the time of exposure to the chemical. The measles virus causes nasal and lung infections. c. bacteria and yeast - Data on which chemicals are endocrine disrupters are not definitive. a. Toxoplasma gondii 4. A. Gases expand very easily due to a property called compressibility. b. d. lysosomes, The leaves of a plant typically have different tissue layers that function in different ways. c) use reverse transcriptase to incorporate the virus genome into the host cell DNA. The function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to make ATP; the primary function of respiration is to break down ATP to release energy. a. Antibiotics for humans are generally ______ in the United States. b. purine nucleotide phosphorylase (PNP) The standard GNSS-IR model typically considers soil to be a single layer of medium and measures the average SMC between 1 and 10 cm below the soil surface. a) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. e. It is secreted and functions as a monomer but facilitates the dimerization of its receptor. The Office of Justice Services (OJS), within the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), is searching for an individual to serve as a Victim Assistance Program Manager. d. phagocytosis. d) They have little effect on plant growth. a 4. - Though cells have repair mechanisms to restore damaged DNA, there is no safe threshold for exposure to mutagens as the repair process may be flawed. They affect wildlife populations, such as bats and frogs. So, the water osmosed across the plasma membranes into the radish cells decreasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells. C. HIV leads to AIDS, when about one third of the individual's T cell count is lost. Which of the following statements helps to explain why RNA viruses tend to have unusually high rates of mutation? The mosquito becomes infected when it feeds on the blood of a person infected with the virus. d) lytic phages a. Epstein-Barr virus b. hydrophilic; hydrophobic; They line up hydrophobic tails facing each other at the center line of the membrane with the hydrophilic heads facing outward, away from the center line of the membrane. Response curve representing no response for low doses - Line c. The idea of hormesis, the nonlinear effect of a toxin in which a low dose is ______ and high dose is ______, was misapplied in a 2018 rule proposed by the EPA that suggested a little pollution was beneficial to health. b. T-cell-dependent antibody responses; cell-mediated immune responses Exposure to radiation during an x-ray for a broken foot - Acute exposure - Mutagens are agents such as chemicals or radiation that damage DNA. D. HIV can pass easily from one person to the next through casual contact. d. stores water, nutrients, and enzymes. ______ are chemical agents that damage or alter DNA, which can result in birth defects during fetal development or tumor growth in later life. 15. We perceive risk differently, depending on control, interests, or context. e. They induce suppression of the immune response by causing T cells to undergo apoptosis. The study of the effects of flammable chemicals on forests, Allergies, headaches, and chronic fatigue due to poorly ventilated indoor spaces contaminated by toxins, such as formaldehyde released from carpeting, furniture, and other building materials can result in ______________ _____________ ______________. b. simple diffusion What is the most likely reason for the disagreement? True or false: Conservation medicine refers to efforts by biologists to treat sick or injured wildlife. The nuclear envelope consists of two concentric phospholipid bilayers while the plasma membrane is only one phospholipid bilayer. - that some minimal dose is necessary before any effect can be observed. (Select all that apply.) Ch. 21 Review Questions - Biology for AP Courses | OpenStax b. receptor proteins - possibly spread by humans from one cave to another on their shoes and clothing. B. a. I would expect to find the photosynthetic enzymes in the chloroplasts of the bacteria. 2.Consistently demonstrate (leads by example) LIFE . 2019 Electrotherapy Unit III Ultrasound Quiz.docx 13-41 Trypanosomes escape from adaptive immunity by altering the type of _____ expressed on the parasite surface. - personal ignorance about the hazard b. a virus-encoded complement receptor Viral Reproduction | Biology Quiz - Quizizz c) viroids Which of the following statements accurately explains why tissue repair mechanisms may make those tissues more susceptible to cancer? The phage genome is integrated in the host chromosome where it is passed on to daughter cells through binary fission. Bacteria are much larger than viruses, and t View the full answer Transcribed image text: Which of the following statements accurately describes the natural f. CD40 ligand. d. hereditary angioedema d. RAG1 or RAG2 - DALYs are a more complete measure combining premature deaths and the loss of a healthy life resulting from mental illness or physical disability b. immune individuals; susceptible individuals Which of the following statements best describes vaccines? I. This study aims to present a robust numerical model by . They cause T cells to divide and differentiate into effector T cells. They bind to MHC class I molecules and T-cell receptors. Ribosomes are very small non-membranous organelles that can either exist freely in the cytoplasm or be embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell; they are associated with the synthesis of Solved Which of the following statements accurately | Chegg.com Stop drinking alcohol during pregnancy - Reduced risk of fetal alcohol syndrome. b. Mortality rates are reduced by the administration of antibiotics to affected individuals. Large molecules are always excluded from crossing the membrane. c. semipermeable The idea that a small amount of radiation may stimulate DNA repair, whereas a large amount of radiation causes cancer, is an example of _____________________. It has not been previously known or has been absent for at least 20 years. b. X-linked hyper IgM syndrome: GM-CSF injections Q. 0.04 ppm - Zooplankton A. - Allergens act as antigens and stimulate the production of specific antibodies. d) flare-ups occur when dormant viral proteins attack new cells a. pinocytosis. a. a plasma membrane, where the pipe cleaners represent the phospholipid bilayer and the ribbon represents proteins embedded in the membrane. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. 13-37 An epidemic affects _____, whereas a pandemic affects _____. One of the differences between bacteria and viruses is that : a. viruses are living and bacteria are non -living . III. b. a cell wall. Of the many factors that determine whether a particular chemical will prove to be dangerous, which of the following are based on the nature of the chemical agent itself? So, the water moved by osmosis across the plasma membranes into the radish cells increasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells and making them crunchier. The POPs of greatest concerns include substances such as chloropyrifos and glyphosate; we are exposed to them primarily by ______ because they are used in the production of ______. Which of the following describes a virus? - Brainly.com What is a probability calculation and how is it used in risk assessment? d. eukaryotic and animal. A factory with an office that controls the information sent to separate rooms for each of the manufacturing and shipping processes would be analogous to b. d. No; eukaryotic organelles are expelled each time the cell divides. b. prokaryotic and animal The following regions were not resolved in the cryo-EM map and so were omitted from the atomic model: residues 146 to 160 corresponding to the GS linker in the FMC63 scFv and residues 21 to 22, 40 to 46, 133 to 152, and 175 to 184 corresponding to flexible loops in CD19. c. X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. 13-12 Shingles is associated with infection by _____. Which of the following statements accurately reflect how allergens affect us? 13-45 Which of the following is not a characteristic of staphylococcal enterotoxins? Hydraulic structures, e.g., sluicegates and pumping stations, can directly influence flooding processes and should be represented in flood modeling and risk assessment. Correct answers: 2 question: 7. which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding the mayflower compact?
