pioneer football league coaches salaries

The possible game-changer could come in the form of a multi-million-dollar offer from an FBS program. Sportsmanship, self-sacrifice and teamwork are cornerstones of the PFL "Codes of Conduct". The West Side community is the oldest Jewish community in Denver, Colorado. New defensive line coach Andrea Brick Haley, who comes from Missouri, will receive $420,000, an increase from Chad Wilts salary of $350,000. Esten said that any new deal struck with Caruso based on this years success would not be announced, adding that money isnt necessarily what is driving things. Davidson scored the final 21 points in its win against Presbyterian, quarterback Tyler Huff passing for 218 yards and three TDs. After 10-1 season, Tommies football coach Glenn, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Submit to Stumbleupon (Opens in new window), After 10-1 season, Tommies football coach Glenn Caruso is a hot commodity, Womens hockey: Gophers beat Ohio State to claim first WCHA tourney title since 2018, WCHA Final Faceoff: Third-period offense lifts Gophers past Wisconsin in semis, Big Ten womens basketball: Caitlin Clark, Iowa pull away from Purdue late, Big Ten womens basketball: Sara Scalia helps lead Indiana into semifinals, Gophers mens basketball takes confidence into rivalry game vs. Badgers, Lindsay Whalen shows Ben Johnson how shes a Gopher through and through, John Shipley: Timing on Lindsay Whalen decision seems odd, Hastings delivers improbable rally to stun defending champ St. Michael-Albertville in 3A wrestling final, Boys hockey: Hill-Murray stops Gentry Academy, earns another trip to state, Two graduates allege in lawsuits sexual groping by fellow students, frat-like culture at St. Thomas Academy, How much is too much? Archives. The 2011 Denver mayoral election took place on May 3 and June 7, 2011, to elect the Mayor of Denver. Running backs coach Kenni Burns got an $72,000 increase to $400,000, cornerbacks coach Paul Haynes received a $61,000 jump to $380,000, offensive line coach Brian Callahan netted a $54,000 raise to $465,000, receivers coach Matt Simon got a $34,000 boost to $430,000, and special teams coach Rob Wenger got a $25,000 increase to $345,000. Valparaiso (13), Butler (12) and Morehead State (11) round out the seven-team spring poll. The Gophers remained active in the NCAA transfer portal in mid-January to bring total transactions to 22 players since mid-October. edu/experience/vision/history. His Tommie teams have been a model of consistency. The Ivy League has always done things their way. The 1926 Denver Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference. In 1986, the Patriot League adopted the Ivy League model. He started at the Duluth News Tribune in 2006, covering sports, news and business until living abroad in 2010. Players of the Week. And, the fact that the PFL ranges geographically from San Diego to Florida to upstate New York makes travelling difficult for Ivy League schools accustomed to taking the bus for games. San Diego will have to wait until its April 3 contest against Davidson to break the record. 2021 PFL Standings. I worry about the things that I can control, Esten said regarding any offers that could come Carusos way. For the first time in Pioneer Football League history, more than 700 student-athletes were named to the PFL Academic Honor Roll. As a result, no longer would we see Cornell play Syracuse or Harvard play Boston College. The Pioneer Football League is trying to do what no other conference in the FCS is doing; play at a high level without the aid of athletic scholarships. For the 10th consecutive year, the University of San Diego has been picked to win the Pioneer Football League regular-season race in a preseason vote of the league's coaches. King Juicy. With college costs escalating beyond control, we can assume that a good number of students receive some sort of financial assistance. Local Springsteen fans bemoan spiraling ticket prices to see the Boss, Wild say goodbye to Jordan Greenway to jump start busy day of trades, Boys section hockey: Mahtomedi breaks away late from Chisago Lakes to earn state tourney return, Check out the 2023 Minnesota boys hockey state tournament brackets, Three St. Paul teachers among 33 semifinalists for MN teacher of the year, Soucheray: Those Harding teachers were brave to tell us the truth, As Adderall shortage continues, DEA plans to limit some telemedicine prescriptions, House where JonBenet Ramsey was found dead listed for sale for almost $7M, Columbia University permanently drops SAT, ACT admissions requirement, The Waterbed Doctor: California retailer lays claim to retro bed with nearly 40 years of service, sales, Felonious Florida podcast: Missing teenage girl leads to several cases of child sex trafficking, Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. Davidson (eight first-place votes) and San Diego (three) took the first two spots, with Drake at No. The Big South is struggling to retain its members and with Coastal Carolina gone, the conference only has six football members remaining. Alumni, friends, old college teammates and school administrators were among those who took the time to reach out. The A Line begins at the airport. It was an odd collection of schools, but the reasons for its founding were solid ones. The 1914 Denver Pioneers football team represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference during the 1914 college football season. San Diego followed with 91 points making those two teams the clear frontrunners. 11.7k salaries reported, updated at February 28, 2023. . Flecks renewed seven-year, $35-million contract in November included $350,000 more for assistant coaches, and roughly $178,000 has been spent, leaving $172,000 available. Pioneers wide receivers coach, hall of fame member, and original Pioneer Damien Rochon-Washington was named the 6th head coach in Pioneers history. Since joining the paper full time in November 2013, he has also covered the Timberwolves as a beat and spot duty from the Vikings to high schools. The 1922 Denver Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference. In three playoff appearances, the PFL is 0-3, but as the league gets more and more competitive, the hope is that the PFL will spring an upset the Saturday after Thanksgiving sooner than later. Butler Vice President/Director of Athletics Barry Collier made the announcement Monday, Dec. 27. Light rail system operated by the Regional Transportation District in the Denver metropolitan area in Colorado, was added to the system on November 17, 2006. Football The spring 2021 field includes automatic bids from 11 FCS conferences, including the PFL, and five at-large selections. The Pioneer Football League Report: Week 7. Latest Updates. Where he played Safety and Linebacker until 2009 when the Pioneers won their first of 3 national championships. No. Minnesota had 16 players enroll at the U in January nine high school players, five transfers and one walk-on. The team improved slightly from the previous two. The 2022 schedule gets underway Saturday, August 27, when Morehead State travels to Mercer. / 920-978-80, Questions you asked, questions you didn't ask. When the Patriot League started offering scholarships many thought that the Ivies would storm away and stop scheduling Patriot teams, but that hasnt happened. It is home to the University of Denver, many university students, and other residents and businesses. For schools like Dayton, that would mean millions of dollars in improvements and handing out 85 full scholarships. For the second straight season the Broncos posted. Like all conferences, there are programs that tend to dominate. By the time the St. Thomas football team got back to the Tommies locker room following the victory at Butler last Saturday that completed an undefeated season in the Pioneer Football League, coach Glenn Caruso discovered he had 170 text messages on his phone. The Ivy League has always done things their way. Are they really competing against schools that play in the CAA and the Missouri Valley; or are they going against Division III schools such as Ithaca, Utica and Cortland State? (John Autey / Pioneer Press) By Dean. Pioneer Football League Official Site. "Among a very talented and deep applicant pool, Mike . Also known as Broadway InterPlaza, located near Broadway and Alameda in Denver, Colorado, was a retail complex most notable as the only North American. Oriental Theater, is a historic theater is located in Berkeley neighborhood of Denver, Colorado. In the end, the Ivies cried and made threats over Patriot League scholarships, but they didnt abandon the games. The W Line, also called the West Rail Line, is a light rail line in Denver, Lakewood, and Golden, Colorado, United States. Kolby Gartner, expected to compete for the starting punter job, pitched for the Tommies' NCAA runner-up baseball team last spring as a true freshman and made two impressive postseason starts. How does Marist recruit against Bucknell? Career insights. Davidson, which won its first PFL title in Spring . The list includes a mix of former NFL head coaches and prominent players: D.C.: Reggie Barlow; St. Louis: Anthony Becht 2019 PFL Standings. Marist received 52 points to earn the sixth spot in the poll. 20 in FCS national poll, Football announces 29 signees from Class of 2023. Fans of all sports teams love gambling. (773) 972-6515 We ask that you consider turning off your ad blocker so we can deliver you the best experience possible while you are here. Now that the dream is a reality its time to show my appreciation by getting everyone with the right skillset and mindset to work to win games and have fun doing it. With Rochon-Washington in charge the future of the Pioneers looks bright. PFL SPRING 2021 SCHEDULEIn November, the PFL Presidents Council endorsed a six-game conference season in the spring of 2021, as advanced by the PFL athletic directors and coaches. Blessed, he posted on social media. He has been a coach for multiple league champions and several national . Pioneer Football League news release--Division I newcomer St. Thomas Football was slotted at No. Only one won a National Championship. Lets make sure all our coaches have the resources to be successful, to be competitive, to meet expectations. Thats flattery, because its a testament that weve done well by our student-athletes.. The Gophers football program has signed 10 assistant coaches to contracts for the 2022 season, with the six retained coaches receiving raises, according to a Pioneer Press records request met by the U on Wednesday. He lit up every room, brought [], By Jim Walsh Under a bright sun but in frigid late March temperatures, the St. Paul Pioneers opened their 2022 season with their annual, full-contact mini-camp at Jimmy Lee Recreation Center. OL Christian Andrade, North Torrance, Jr. OL Jackson Patterson, South Torrance, Sr. RB Carson Hollandsworth, South Torrance, Sr. Damian Calhoun is the Prep Sports Coordinator and writer for the Daily Breeze. Since the team was founded in 2002, the St. Paul Pioneers football club has had six head coaches. The Fort Worth and Denver Railway, nicknamed the Denver Road, was a class I American railroad company that operated in the northern. They were led by eighth-year head coach Dale Lindsey and played their home games at Torero Stadium. Since he got hired in 2017, the Rams haven't missed the. Pioneer Football League Official Site. New safeties coach Danny Collins, previously an defensive analyst at the U, will earn $200,000, which is less than half what Joe Harasymiak made ($410,000) in 2021. Most Ivies cite the fact that the geography is close and schools like Lafayette, Lehigh, Colgate, Bucknell, Fordham, Holy Cross and even Georgetown are natural, ideological and academic rivalries. 2021 PFL Standings. Veteran players earned the higher end of the range. Back in the day, the Red Foxes were members of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC) and when the MAAC stopped sponsoring football, schools like Siena and Iona were quick to drop the sport. And, could a Mount Union beat a Pioneer League team? Sportsmanship, self-sacrifice and teamwork are cornerstones of the PFL Codes of Conduct. As offensive coordinator for the Minnesota Sting, Bryan helped guide the Sting offense to Minnesota Premier Football League records for total offense, passing, rushing and scoring. The 1965 Denver Broncos season was the sixth season for the team in the American Football League. du. They do all this, and at the last minute, here comes Delaware with a 50 percent scholarship. San Diego, which has won the regular-season title each of the past six seasons, again received the coaches' nod to win the Spring 2021 PFL title with all six possible . 9% White, 10. He is also an author of sports-related books, including "Six Shooters: Hockey's Sutter Brothers," published by Prentice-Hall, Canada. The great thing about the league is that the schools (now 11) are on the same playing field. Here's what we know about how much each coach is making in 2022: 1. The 1940 Denver Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Denver in the Mountain States Conference. The widest gap in the Ivy League was at Columbia . How are they convincing kids to choose a Mount Union over an FCS school that might be offering a partial scholarship? St. Thomas head football coach Glenn Caruso shouts at his players as they face Butler at O'Shaughnessy Stadium in St. Paul on Saturday, Sept. 25, 2021. Sport and excitement are always there. Be shocked by the amount of data there could be about a stranger caller Or someone you know. The Pioneer Football League title race feels oh-so-different than just a few months. He is a lock to win coach of the year honors in the Pioneer Football League, and for the second straight year is a finalist for FCS national coach of the year. Six of the PFL's alumni saw action during Week 15 of the NFL campaign. The Denver Press Club, located at 1330 Glenarm Place, Denver, Colorado, is the oldest press club in the United States. Caruso, who elected not to comment when asked about his contract status, has made no indication that he is interested in moving on. With a salary of 24.1 million per year at Manchester City, Pep Guardiola ranks tops on our list of the highest-paid coaches in the world. They have to sell the academics, the Pioneer League, the vision and everything else. The PFL will present its 2022 Preseason All-PFL Teams, Tuesday. With 11 members, it has appeared to have found its comfort zone. Denver may also refer to: Denver, Victoria, a locality. HOME 3-1 AWAY 2-4 NEUTRAL 0-0. Whittier is a neighborhood of Denver, Colorado, located approximately two miles northeast of downtown Denver. He has been the Pioneers wide receiver coach since 2018. This # called my mobile, left no message. The head coach was. Each player, parent, and coach are asked to sign a . Valparaiso (34 points) was picked to finish eighth. The Blue Hose are not eligible for the PFL regular-season title or the leagues automatic bid to the FCS Playoffs. All Rights Reserved. Presbyterian rounded out the 11-team preseason poll. coach are asked to sign a Codes of Conduct agreement. Those crowns, along with eight league titles, a national runner-up finish and a [], A light has gone out By Jim Walsh Over more than two decades of semi-pro football in Minnesota, George Hall was known to many people by many names. Key Michigan high school football games, computer rankings, statewide stat leaders . According to our data, the highest paying job at Canadian Football League is an Equipment Services Project Manager at $81,000 annually while the lowest paying job at Canadian Football . They wanted schools that played Division I in one sport to play it in all sports. The Pioneer League football coaches have announced this seasons award winners and the all-league selections. They retain talent and depth at most positions, with the only real question mark appearing to be at quarterback. View more frequently asked questions. Six PFL alumni will participate in the NFL postseason which begins with Super Wild Card Weekend, Saturday-Monday. 16-TEAM NCAA FOOTBALL CHAMPIONSHIPThe Division I Football Championship will feature 16 teams, with the bracket announced Sunday, April 18, and the championship game, May 16 in Frisco, Texas. 2020 PFL Standings. The Pioneer Football League is founded on Christian principles with an emphasis on helping young men and women develop biblical character traits such as self-control, selflessness, and perseverance. Let's pay it forward! Drake was the lone road winner in Week 2, winning a defensive-minded 17-6 decision at Valparaiso. The community follows. Last year, Dayton won the conference and proceeded to the FCS playoffs, losing to Western Illinois 24-7. The estimated total pay for a Soccer Coach is $48,045 per year in the United States area, with an average salary of $44,518 per year. The Tommies football success in their second season on the Division I level has been unprecedented, and an already heralded coach has seen his stock rise even higher on the national scene. In their. Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), 2021 All-Pioneer League football team: Lawndales Derek Boyd II selected MVP, Frank McManus hired to replace Bruce Rollinson as Mater Dei football coach, Terry Donahues legacy helps young football players, Daily Breeze football player of the year Husan Longstreet leaving Inglewood, Terry Donahue Memorial Showcase still signing up players for Feb. 11 event at Irvines Great Park, Girls flag football officially a sport in California after unanimous vote by CIF, Live high school updates: CIF Southern California Regional basketball, soccer playoffs, CIF SoCal Regional basketball playoffs: previews, schedule for games Saturday, March 4, Bishop Montgomery boys basketball advances to CIF SoCal Regional semifinal, St. Bernard falls short against Mater Dei in boys basketball regional playoffs, Alpine Village shopkeepers get confirmation: theyre being evicted, San Pedro Fish Market bids a sad goodbye to legacy location, Alpine Village, for decades a German American hub, faces unknown future, Appeals court ruling in Lunada Bay Boys case could make cities liable for surf localism, Gracie Abrams behind Good Riddance message in Los Angeles sky, Tax filing deadline moves to mid-October for most Californians, Rowdy crowd temporarily pauses Rolling Loud fest, but the party continues in Inglewood, 6 suspects wanted for holding up armored cars for $550,000-plus in Hawthorne, LA and Inglewood, California weighs $360,000 in reparations to eligible Black residents, As Adderall shortage continues, DEA plans to limit some telemedicine prescriptions, House where JonBenet Ramsey was found dead listed for sale for almost $7M, Columbia University permanently drops SAT, ACT admissions requirement, The Waterbed Doctor: California retailer lays claim to retro bed with nearly 40 years of service, sales, Felonious Florida podcast: Missing teenage girl leads to several cases of child sex trafficking, Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information. The neighborhood is located in the area known as West Denver. The Wildcats received eight of the 11 first-place votes and received a second-place vote from two other coaches. Callahan has a three-year contract; Ciarrocca, Rossi and Haley have two-year deals; and Burns, Simon, Haynes, Wenger, Harbaugh and Collins are on one-year terms through 2022. Morehead State, 42-31 (2019), San Diego at PresbyterianBroadcast: ESPN+Location: San Diego, CaliforniaStadium: Torero StadiumSeries: First Meeting, LATEST PFL NEWS AND NOTESComplete news and notes available in PDF version. The Pioneer Football League is the nation's only non-scholarship, football-only NCAA Football Championship Subdivision conference. Carusos mood seemed to sour briefly when it was brought up that there are those who use that stat to tamp down the Tommies accomplishments. While ZipRecruiter is seeing annual salaries as high as $65,500 and as low as $16,000, the majority of Indoor Football League salaries currently range between $30,500 (25th percentile) to $38,500 (75th percentile) with top earners (90th percentile) making $51,500 annually across the United States. Morehead State returned home and picked off Stetson thanks to Pappas 186-yard, three-touchdown day. LEAGUE 4-2 2ndJack Pine. It has all led to speculation as to whether Caruso is in line for a significant pay raise, either from a school looking to lure him away or from the school that does not want to lose him. He is more than up for the job. Just who are Pioneer League schools competing against for players? Lawndale's Derek Boyd cuts back to eludes West Ranch defender Jake Priske (10) West Ranch at Lawndale CIFSS Division . Thats a constant evaluation, both reflecting on where they are today and where we think they can be at some point. The 1938 Denver Pioneers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Denver in the Rocky Mountain Conference. The Foxes do a lot of travelling, but administrators believe having football enhances the colleges profile. New Denver may also refer to: New Denver. Their last game came Nov. 16, 2019 in their season finale, a 17-7 win over Bethel that clinched a share of the 2019 conference title. Then, the league has to use a dreaded formula to crown its champion and playoff participant, something that nobody really likes. org/web/20090410210607/http://www. According to the Piton Foundation, in 2007. The Ivy League loved it. Denver Water serves 1. University is a neighborhood in Denver, Colorado. The city has Roman Catholic and Jewish institutions, as well as two medical schools. PRESBYTERIAN JOINS PFL IN THE SPRINGIn 2019, the Pioneer Football League Commissioner presidents council agreed to accept Presbyterian Colleges request for membership, effective for the 2021 season. These experiences had helped Jesse learn a great deal about football and how to build a winning team. This comes after he led the Vols to a 10-2 regular season their best mark since. This was a multi-generational success that weve been able to have the last two years, Caruso said. The Flyers, along with Butler, were two of the 17 schools that saw at least 10 honorees on the 2020 listing. He was a pioneer and moved to Denver in 1860, buying a large amount of property. Campbell, thus far, has refused, opting to stay in the Pioneer. He started playing for the Pioneers during their inaugural season in 2002 and was a member of the Pioneers championship teams in 2003-2006 (MFL), 2009 NAFL, and 2010-2012 (NEFL). For Marist, the recruitment of a football player is much harder than the recruitment of a basketball player. The San Diego Toreros football team represents the University of San Diego located in San Diego, California. Looking ahead, the Tommies appear poised for more success next season. The information found on this website should NOT be used for judging credit worthiness or to make hiring decisions. Celebrating its 31st year, the award recognizes an individual as the absolute best football scholar-athlete in the nation for his combined academic success, football performance and exemplary leadership. Covid protocols and restrictions along with trouble finding willing opponents left them with only a few scrimmages last spring. It was the Ivy that really solidified the then 1-A/1-AA split in 1982 when in essence, they de-emphasized football. The 1972 Denver Broncos season was the team's 13th season in professional football and third in the National Football League. The target has already been searched times. Tampa Bay Buccaneers second-year safety Antoine Winfield Jr., was named to his first Pro Bowl on Wednesday. Uncle. The PFL is one of o 494 people like this 538 people follow this http://www.pioneer-football.org/ (314) 444-4360 Sports league Photos See all Videos See all 0:10 Rochon-Washington is a graduate of Augsburg College and is the owner of Rochon Fitness LLC. 16 Biggest. The U also welcomed walk-on tight end Frank Bierman (Iowa Western) in January. PF 259 PA 213 STREAK 3L. The Toreros are currently coached by Dale Lindsey. The University of Colorado Denver Business School is a college located in Denver, Colorado, which offers undergraduate and graduate business degrees. In 2002, he joined his brother-in-law Adam Gold in forming the St. Paul Pioneers. finding a job Best Careers for ESTJ Personalities. So, some schools got together and decided to play 1-AA football without scholarships and thus, the Pioneer League was born. Joe Maddon is baseball's best-paid skipper and expected to make roughly $4.5 million in 2020 after being hired by the Los Angeles Angels last month. Yes. Jesse Luft started his semi pro career with the St. Paul Pioneers in 2005. Its safe to say that the league, which formed in 1993, is not going anywhere and its certainly worth keeping an eye on this fall. Seven PFL student-athletes have been recognized on FCS All-America teams during the 2022 postseason. And, with Liberty exploring a potential move to FBS, the league could not only lose its automatic qualifier to the FCS playoffs, but the conference may have to stop sponsoring football, like the FBS Western Athletic Conference did years ago. Leading the week's news from the NFL was highlighted by Marist alumnus and Seattle Seahawks kicker Jason Myers earning selection to his second Pro Bowl this week. 2020 PFL Standings. 2021 brought on a lot of change in the organization. Recap: Clare vs. Gaylord 2022 . The Council determined to move forward with a plan that provides a meaningful competitive experience for PFL football student-athletes. In all, 22 FCS programs had new head coaches in 2022. It was played in Denver, Colorado, USA, at the Pinehurst Country. Wrich is a 1995 graduate of Park of Cottage Grove High School who went on to play for Minnesota State University-Mankato. The Purple's 110-man preseason roster is expected to include nearly 35 seniors. The square contains busts of Ralph L. Carr, Governor of Colorado. In 2017-2018 Jesse took over as the Defensive Coordinator for the Sabercats and led a league Leading defensive unit to its first championship game and a 11-1 record. USSDenver. In 2002, he joined his brother-in-law Adam Gold in forming the St. Paul Pioneers. San Diego, Jacksonville and Dayton should battle for the conference title this year and could this be the year that one of themor another memberbreaks through and wins an FCS playoff game? According to the 2010 Census, the racial makeup of Denver is 68. St. Thomas is 0-2 in such games, having lost at Southern Utah this season and at Northern Iowa last season. As a member of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC), all Marist has to do is offer an athlete a full-ride and hope that he signs. It is part of a series of similar 16 Biggest Hits albums released by Legacy Recordings. These numbers represent the median, which is the midpoint of the ranges from our proprietary Total Pay Estimate model and based on salaries collected from our users. This year's signing class and transfers list includes 35 players from 11 different states. They dont offer scholarships but they do participate in the FCS playoffs. / State: Wisconsin Bryan Wrich is the coach tasked with leading the potent Pioneers offense. Behind the Toreros, Davidson was picked to finish second with 28 points. Just like Alabama and LSU tend to rule the SEC, the Pioneer League has seen three teams rise to the top in Dayton, Jacksonville and San Diego. Has same first six digits as my mobile. The league will feature 10 teams each playing an eight-game schedule to determine the league champion and recipient of the automatic bid to the 2018 NCAA FCS Championship. By Jim Walsh. San Diego, which shared the Fall 2021 title with Davidson, was picked to finish second and received the three remaining first-place votes, and was picked second on five other ballots. The average annual salary for the head coaches of Dartmouth's 14 men's sports was $133,033 in the reporting year ending June 30, 2020. . Quarterback Mason Randall was named the PFL Offensive Player of the Week after leading San Diego with 302 passing yards and two touchdowns. TWO REMAIN UNBEATEN AFTER WEEK 2Davidson and San Diego remain undefeated in PFL play after Week 2 action in the league. List of chancellors of the University of Denver https://web.

Difference Between Baptist And Alliance Church, Rainey Funeral Home In Tuscaloosa, Alabama, Articles P