cary grant grandchildren

He remarks that Grant was "refreshingly able to play the near-fool, the fey idiot, without compromising his masculinity or surrendering to camp for its own sake". [182][183] The film was praised by the critics, who admired the picture's slapstick qualities and chemistry between Grant and Loy;[184] it became one of the biggest-selling films at the box office that year. Timeless. [143][144][s] Grant reunited with Irene Dunne in My Favorite Wife, a "first rate comedy" according to Life magazine,[145] which became RKO's second biggest picture of the year, with profits of $505,000. [330][331] Nine days later, Grant and Cannon divorced. Cary Grant and Randolph Scott | 20 Gay Hollywood Legends - Purple Clover Few men in their 70s looked as good as my father did. And that made it all the more appealing, that a handsome young man was funny; that was especially unexpected and good because we think, 'Well, if he's a Beau Brummel, he can't be either funny or intelligent', but he proved otherwise". Famous Actor Cary Grant and His Strong Bond With His Daughter Cary Grant was a legendary actor during the "Golden Age of Hollywood." He was adored by millions of fans for his suave looks,. Loren later professed about rejecting Grant: "At the time I didn't have any regrets, I was in love with my husband. Stackhouse-Moore Funeral & Cremation Services, Cambridge, is assisting the family with the arrangements. [170] Grant took up the role after it was originally offered to Bob Hope, who turned it down owing to schedule conflicts. Jennifer shared her excitement about becoming a mother for the first time by saying that it's "phenomenal." He played an active role in the promotion of MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas when opened in 1973, and he continued to promote the city throughout the 1970s. He's making [. Memoirs published recently by Cary Grant's daughter and fourth wife, however, reveal a much more complicated and human individual than we previously knew. Film critic Pauline Kael on the development of Grant's comic acting in the late 1930s[97], McCann notes that Grant typically played "wealthy privileged characters who never seemed to have any need to work in order to maintain their glamorous and hedonistic lifestyle". [57][e] In 1927, he was cast as an Australian in Reggie Hammerstein's musical Golden Dawn, for which he earned $75 a week. [67] Grant still found it difficult forming relationships with women, remarking that he "never seemed able to fully communicate with them" even after many years "surrounded by all sorts of attractive girls" in the theater, on the road, and in New York. [354] George Cukor once stated: "You see, he didn't depend on his looks. [269] In the last few years of his life, he undertook tours of the United States in the one-man show A Conversation with Cary Grant, in which he would show clips from his films and answer audience questions. Previous Next [134] He again appeared with Hepburn in the romantic comedy Holiday later that year, which did not fare well commercially, to the point that Hepburn was considered to be "box office poison" at the time. He died at 11:22p.m., aged 82.[348]. [299], Grant lived with actor Randolph Scott off and on for 12 years, which some claimed was a homosexual relationship. [371], Biographers Morecambe and Stirling believe that Cary Grant was the "greatest leading man Hollywood had ever known". [50] He became fond of the Marx Brothers during this period, and Zeppo Marx was an early role model for him. John Sacksteder , Other Works [63] MacDonald later admitted that Grant was "absolutely terrible in the role", but he exhibited a charm which endeared him to people and effectively saved the show from failure. [252] Newsweek concluded: "Though Grant's personal presence is indispensable, the character he plays is almost wholly superfluous. Dyan Cannon - Biography - IMDb Dad loved classical music and we might be listening to some Stravinsky or something and having some tea and eggs. [281] Such was Grant's influence on the company that George Barrie once claimed that Grant had played a role in the growth of the firm to annual revenues of about $50million in 1968, a growth of nearly 80% since the inaugural year in 1964. Her father initially opposed her becoming an actress. [64][f], To console himself, Grant bought a 1927 Packard sport phaeton. [130] He was initially uncertain how to play his character, but was told by director Howard Hawks to think of Harold Lloyd. In my father's later years he asked several times that I remember him the way I knew him. Of course I think of it. [211] He decided which films he was going to appear in, often had personal choice of directors and co-stars, and at times negotiated a share of the gross revenue, something uncommon at the time. But he wouldn't let us." [239] Deschner ranked the film as the second highest grossing of Grant's career. How many grandchildren does cary grant have? Grant married Dyan Cannon on July 22, 1965, at Howard Hughes' Desert Inn in Las Vegas,[325] and their daughter Jennifer was born on February 26, 1966, his only child;[326] he frequently called her his "best production". [320] They divorced in 1945, although they remained the "fondest of friends". Basil Williams photographed him there and thought that he still looked his usual suave self, but he noticed that he seemed very tired and that he stumbled once in the auditorium. There was a tender quality to Dad that his sense of fun could sometimes mask. He invites her to his apartment in Bermuda, but her guilty conscience begins to take hold. The Howards of Virginia - Wikipedia He was nominated twice for the Academy Award for Best Actor, and in 1970 he was presented an Academy Honorary Award by his friend Frank Sinatra at the 42nd Academy Awards. I remember him reading 'Sleeping Beauty,' and he would play the score by Tchaikovsky as he read it. [131] Grant was given more leeway in the comic scenes, the editing of the film and in educating Hepburn in the art of comedy. Source: Instagram Her grandfather, Cary Grant was from the northern Bristol suburb of Horfield, England. Jennifer Grant - Wikipedia Grant admitted that the appearances were "ego-fodder", remarking that "I know who I am inside and outside, but it's nice to have the outside, at least, substantiated". [128], The Awful Truth began what film critic Benjamin Schwarz of The Atlantic later called "the most spectacular run ever for an actor in American pictures" for Grant. Cary Grant was a teenage runaway. [271], McCann wrote that one of the reasons why Grant's film career was so successful is that he was not conscious of how handsome he was on screen, acting in a fashion which was most unexpected and unusual from a Hollywood star of that period. Still, he took such joy in being a dad - and in life in general - and his happiness showed. Grant claimed to be the first freelance actor in Hollywood. Famous Actor Cary Grant and His Strong Bond With His Daughter Grant agreed that "Archie just doesn't sound right in America. [191] In 1949, Grant starred alongside Ann Sheridan in the comedy I Was a Male War Bride in which he appeared in scenes dressed as a woman, wearing a skirt and a wig. [129][375] He was a favorite of Hitchcock, who admired him and called him "the only actor I ever loved in my whole life",[376] and remained one of Hollywood's top box-office attractions for almost 30 years. [343], In 1976, Grant made a public appearance at the Republican Party National Convention in Kansas City during which he gave a speech in support of Gerald Ford's reelection and for female equality before introducing Betty Ford onto the stage. [388], Grant was portrayed by John Gavin in the 1980 made-for-television biographical film Sophia Loren: Her Own Story. But, finally, she decided to move into acting in 1993, landing her first role on Beverly Hills, 90210 (1990). Golden Globe Award for Best Actor Motion Picture Musical or Comedy, Golden Globe Award for Best Comedy Picture, "A Brief Passage in U.S. Immigration History", "The 10 Essential Cary Grant Comedies 1", "The 10 Essential Cary Grant Comedies 2", "How a surprise visit to the museum led to new discoveries", "Cary Grant Complete Filmography With Synopsis", Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, "AFI's 100 Funniest American Movies Of All Time", "AFI's 100 Greatest Movie Quotes Of All Time", "Topper (1937): Ghost Comedy with Cary Grant and Constance Bennett", "His Girl Friday: No 13 best comedy film of all time", "The Screen; A Splendid Cast Adorns the Screen Version of, "13 things you probably didn't know about, "The Screen In Review; 'Crisis,' With Cary Grant and Jose Ferrer, Is New Feature at the Capitol Theatre", "The Screen In Review; 'Monkey Business,' a 'Screwball Comedy' With a Chimpanzee, Starts Run at the Roxy", "Sophia Loren: how Cary Grant begged me to become his lover", "The Screen: 'Indiscreet'; Film at Music Hall Is Airy as a Souffle", "AFI's 100 Greatest American Movies Of All Time", "Hitchcock Takes Suspenseful Cook's Tour; ' North by Northwest' Opens at Music Hall", "Why it works: Cary Grant in North by Northwest", "How Cary Grant Nearly Made Global James Bond Day an American Affair", "Cary Grant Will Leaves Bulk of Estate to His Widow, Daughter", "Synopsis of documentary "Cary Grant: A Class Apart", "Barbara Grant Jaynes and Robert Trachtenberg Live Q&As transcript", Evenings With Cary Grant: Recollections in His Own Words and by Those Who Knew Him Best, "A star-studded GOP conventionin 1976", "1976/08/19 - Cary Grant Introduction of Betty Ford, Kansas City, Missouri", "The 50 Greatest Movie Stars of All Time", "Cary Grant festival celebrates third year", "Amid Ruins of an Empire a New Hollywood Arises", "Bristol Fashion: Reclaiming Cary Grant for Bristol Film Heritage, Screen Tourism and Curating the Cary Comes Home Festival", "Archibald Leach's entry in the England/Wales Census", "Archibald Leach's US immigration record", "Cary Grant WW2 Draft Registration Card", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cary_Grant&oldid=1142330008, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 20:24. After a series of successful performances in New York City, he decided to stay there. She graduated from Stanford with a degree in history and political science in 1987. What a gal! In only fifteen minutes he deteriorated rapidly. Cary Grant Obituary 2020 - Stackhouse-Moore Funeral & Cremation Services I guess I was bitten. [122] Topper became one of the most popular movies of the year, with a critic from Variety noting that both Grant and Bennett "do their assignments with great skill". At the funeral of Mountbatten, he was quoted as remarking to a friend: "I'm absolutely pooped, and I'm so goddamned old. [62] He visited his half-brother Eric in England, and he returned to New York to play the role of Max Grunewald in a Shubert production of A Wonderful Night. Jennifer Grant - Biography - IMDb You're always adjusting to the size of the audience and the size of the theatre. I clutched my memories of him to my heart for so long, but he's a part of the world. [336] Grant challenged her to a blood test and Bouron failed to provide one, and the court ordered her to remove his name from the certificate. This sort of thing, when done wellas it generally is, in this casecan be insanely funny (if it hits right). Jennifer Grant states that her father was quite outspoken on the discrimination that he felt against handsome men and comedians in Hollywood. "[153] Stewart's winning the Oscar "was considered a gold-plated apology for his being robbed of the award" for the previous year's Mr. Smith Goes to Washington. [177] Grant next appeared with Ingrid Bergman and Claude Rains in the Hitchcock-directed film Notorious (1946), playing a government agent who recruits the American daughter of a convicted Nazi spy (Bergman) to infiltrate a Nazi organization in Brazil after World War II. They became friends, but it was not until 1979 that she moved to live with him in California. In 1979, he hosted the American Film Institute's tribute to Alfred Hitchcock, and presented Laurence Olivier with his honorary Oscar. [233], In 1960, Grant appeared opposite Deborah Kerr, Robert Mitchum, and Jean Simmons in The Grass Is Greener, which was shot in England at Osterley Park and Shepperton Studios. He'd forgiven who he needed to forgive, let go of what he needed to, and accepted himself as he was. He was accorded the Kennedy Center Honors in 1981. [272], Stirling refers to Grant as "one of the shrewdest businessmen ever to operate in Hollywood". [82] He made his feature film debut with the Frank Tuttle-directed comedy This is the Night (1932), playing an Olympic javelin thrower opposite Thelma Todd and Lili Damita. [101] The film was even more successful than She Done Him Wrong, and saved Paramount from bankruptcy;[101] Vermilye cites it as one of the best comedy films of the 1930s. He said that after his death, people would talk. [62] Despite the setback, Hammerstein's rival Florenz Ziegfeld made an attempt to buy Grant's contract, but Hammerstein sold it to the Shubert Brothers instead. The best word to describe my father? He became attracted to theater at a young age when he visited the Bristol Hippodrome. Archibald Alexander Leach (1904 - 1986) - Genealogy - geni family tree Grant was hospitalized for 17 days with three broken ribs and bruising. [154][155] Grant's not being nominated for His Girl Friday the same year is also a "sin of omission" for the Oscars. The ties were never too thick or too thin; the pants were never too flared or too skinny. Adele's great maternal grandfather was a tailor's presser at a clothes factory. [305], Grant began experimenting with the drug LSD in the late 1950s,[306] before it became popular. Cary Grant was known for taking and carefully labeling countless photos of his family. Cary Grant Remembered by Daughter Jennifer Grant - PEOPLE.com She graduated from Stanford with a degree in history and political science in 1987. According to biographer Jerry Vermilye, Grant had caught West's eye in the studio and had queried about him to one of Paramount's office boys. [363] Grant remarked of his career: "I guess to a certain extent I did eventually become the characters I was playing. He found Hitchcock and Kelly to be very professional,[208] and later stated that Kelly was "possibly the finest actress I've ever worked with". Though director Leo McCarey reportedly disliked Grant,[125] who had mocked the director by enacting his mannerisms in the film,[126] he recognized Grant's comic talents and encouraged him to improvise his lines and draw upon his skills developed in vaudeville. [360] Charles Champlin identifies a paradox in Grant's screen persona, in his unusual ability to "mix polish and pratfalls in successive scenes". Initially, she went to work in a law firm and later tried a stint as a chef. Williams recalls that Grant rehearsed for half an hour before "something seemed wrong" all of a sudden, and he disappeared backstage. [u] Grant had hoped that starring opposite Deborah Kerr in the romantic comedy Dream Wife would salvage his career,[195] but it was a critical and financial failure upon release in July 1953, when Grant was 49. Kelly, who was seven years older, writes in his memoir that he met the struggling performer Archibald Leach who would change his name to Cary Grant in 1931 just before his 21st birthday in. [20], Grant's biographer Graham McCann claimed that his mother "did not know how to give affection and did not know how to receive it either". Aamna Mohdin. When I knew I was pregnant four years ago with a boy, a friend suggested I call him Cary, but I initially resisted. [186] The film was a major commercial and critical success, and was nominated for five Academy Awards. [261] In the 1970s, MGM was keen on remaking Grand Hotel (1932) and hoped to lure Grant out of retirement. The boy replied, "Oh, that's Cary Grant. These pictures are frequently cited among the greatest comedy films of all time. Presenting the award to Grant, Frank Sinatra announced: "No one has brought more pleasure to more people for so many years than Cary has, and nobody has done so many things so well". Sophia Loren at 80 recalls her unconsummated affair with Cary Grant. [259] In the 1970s, he was given the negatives from a number of his films, and he sold them to television for a sum of over two million dollars in 1975. The 86-year-old Italian actor . Okay, more than a little crush on Dad," Jennifer Grant, 45, writes in her warm memoir, Good Stuff: A Reminiscence of My Father, Cary Grant, which Alfred A. Knopf is publishing May 3. [386] The biennial Cary Comes Home Festival was established in 2014 in his hometown Bristol. [267] He turned 80 on January 18, 1984, and Peter Bogdanovich noticed that a "serenity" had come over him. [125] The film was a critical and commercial success and made Grant a top Hollywood star,[127] establishing a screen persona for him as a sophisticated light comedy leading man in screwball comedies. [201][202] He reunited with Howard Hawks to film the off-beat comedy Monkey Business, co-starring Ginger Rogers and Marilyn Monroe. [262] Grant stated that Warren Beatty had made a big effort to get him to play the role of Mr. Jordan in Heaven Can Wait (1978), which eventually went to James Mason. "[297], Grant's daughter Jennifer stated that her father made hundreds of friends from all walks of life, and that their house was frequently visited by the likes of Frank and Barbara Sinatra, Quincy Jones, Gregory Peck and his wife Veronique, Johnny Carson and his wife, Kirk Kerkorian, and Merv Griffin. [264], In 1980, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art put on a two-month retrospective of more than 40 of Grant's films. The press continued to report on the turbulent relationship which began to tarnish his image. He also began to move into dramas such as Only Angels Have Wings (1939) with Jean Arthur, Penny Serenade (1941) again with Dunne, and None but the Lonely Heart (1944) with Ethel Barrymore; he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for the latter two. Personal life [ edit] Grant has two children, a son, Cary (born 2008), and a daughter, Davian (born 2011). The basis of these suits was that he had been cheated by the respective company. Normal days. [117] After a commercial failure in his second RKO venture The Toast of New York,[118][119] Grant was loaned to Hal Roach's studio for Topper, a screwball comedy film distributed by MGM, which became his first major comedy success. With Cary Grant, Sophia Loren, Martha Hyer, Harry Guardino. It's something he used to say when he was happy. [22] She frowned on alcohol and tobacco,[8] and would reduce pocket money for minor mishaps. [116], In 1937, Grant began the first film under his contract with Columbia Pictures, When You're in Love, portraying a wealthy American artist who eventually woos a famous opera singer (Grace Moore). Cary Grant will be remembered as one of Hollywood's greatest actors, whose ageless good looks and on-screen charms made him a favorite of audiences. I am my father's only child. [10] Grant may have considered himself partly Jewish. His father, Elias, was a clothing presser who left his family . [329], On March 12, 1968, Grant was involved in a car accident in Queens, New York, en route to JFK Airport, when a truck hit the side of his limousine. He was known for his Mid-Atlantic accent, debonair demeanor, light-hearted approach to acting, and sense of comic timing. [110][q] Though a commercial failure,[112] his dominating performance was praised by critics,[113] and Grant always considered the film to have been the breakthrough for his career. He'd grown up with nothing and he wasn't about to fritter it all away. | It can also be a bore.". Thoughtful. [132] Despite losing over $350,000 for RKO,[133] the film earned rave reviews from critics. [97] Leslie Caron said that he was the most talented leading man she worked with. Cary Grant (born Archibald Alec Leach; [a] January 18, 1904 - November 29, 1986) was an English-American actor. Cary Grant Biography - life, family, parents, name, wife, school - IMDb Mini Biography By: [212] Grant received more than $700,000 for his 10% of the gross of the successful To Catch a Thief, while Hitchcock received less than $50,000 for directing and producing it. [301] Scott's biographer Robert Nott states that there is no evidence that Grant and Scott were homosexual, and blames rumors on material written about them in other books. [279] This position was not honorary, as some had assumed; Grant regularly attended meetings and traveled internationally to support them. It was one of the greatest cinematic love stories of the 20th century, but Sophia Loren has now revealed that Cary Grant never proposed to her on set. [340], On April 11, 1981, Grant married Barbara Harris, a British hotel public relations agent who was 47 years his junior. He believes that Grant was always at his "physical and verbal best in situations that bordered on farce". The Woolworth family was one of the richest families and were believed to lend support to the fascists. [219] During the filming he formed a closer friendship and gained new respect for her as an actress. [37] He began hanging around backstage at the theater at every opportunity,[33] and volunteered for work in the summer as a messenger boy and guide at the military docks in Southampton, to escape the unhappiness of his home life. Dad has, and had, a deservedly glowing reputation. We'd also read 'Winnie the Pooh,' and, you know, those probably that he most often read me were 'Beatrix Potter' books, 'The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck' and 'The Tale of Mrs. [186], The following year, Grant played neurotic Jim Blandings, the title-sake in the comedy Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House, again with Loy. [114] When his contract with Paramount ended in 1936 with the release of Wedding Present, Grant decided not to renew it and wished to work freelance. Meet Jennifer Grant's Son Cary Benjamin Grant: Some - CelebSuburb What can that possibly mean? To be honest, I think I'd become a bit selfish with memories of my father. Grant spoke out against the blacklisting of his friend Charlie Chaplin during the period of McCarthyism, arguing that Chaplin was not a communist and that his status as an entertainer was more important than his political beliefs. Crowther praised the script, and noted that Grant played Dilg with a "casualness which is slightly disturbing". . He was one of classic Hollywood 's definitive leading men from the 1930s until the mid-1960s. [65] It premiered at the Majestic Theatre on October 31, 1929, two days after the Wall Street Crash, and lasted until February 1930 with 125 shows. [302] Grant's daughter, Jennifer, also denied the claims. [187] Life magazine called it "intelligently written and competently acted". Most men are far younger when they have their children and they're building their careers. They would say 'things' about him and he wouldn't be there to defend himself. Initially, she went to work in a law firm and later tried a stint as a chef. It was terrible watching him die and not being able to help. Cary Grant's ex-wife Dyan Cannon explains why she turned - Fox News [34] He spent his evenings working backstage in Bristol theaters, and was responsible for the lighting for magician David Devant at the Bristol Empire in 1917 at the age of 13. 3 Beds. CARY GRANT Archibald Alexander Leach, better known by his stage name Cary Grant, was an English-American actor. [156] Later that year he appeared in the romantic psychological thriller Suspicion, the first of Grant's four collaborations with director Alfred Hitchcock. 2025 Cary Grant Ct, Las Vegas, NV 89142 | MLS# 2475846 | Redfin [311] She divorced him on March 26, 1935,[312] following charges that he had hit her. [270][271] He made some 36 public appearances in his last four years, from New Jersey to Texas, and his audiences ranged from elderly film buffs to enthusiastic college students discovering his films for the first time. [290] McCann attributed his "almost obsessive maintenance" with tanning, which deepened the older he got,[291] to Douglas Fairbanks, who also had a major influence on his refined sense of dress. [52] While serving as a paid escort for the opera singer Lucrezia Bori at a Park Avenue party, he met George C. Tilyou Jr., whose family owned Steeplechase Park. [365], Grant often poked fun at himself with statements such as, "Everyone wants to be Cary Granteven I want to be Cary Grant",[366] and in ad-lib lines such as in His Girl Friday (1940): "Listen, the last man who said that to me was Archie Leach, just a week before he cut his throat. 1 Answer. Cary Grant - Movies, Spouse & Career - Biography She recalls that he once said of. Cary Grant's granddaughter, Davian Adele Grant was born in 2011 on 23 November. [96][97] The film was a box office hit, earning more than $2million in the United States,[98] and has since won much acclaim. [298] While raising Jennifer, Grant archived artifacts of her childhood and adolescence in a bank-quality, room-sized vault he had installed in the house. I didn't feel like making the big step. She noticed that Grant treated his female co-stars differently than many of the leading men at the time, regarding them as subjects with multiple qualities rather than "treating them as sex objects". "[350] His body was taken back to California, where it was cremated and his ashes scattered in the Pacific Ocean. [206], In 1955, Grant agreed to star opposite Grace Kelly in To Catch a Thief, playing a retired jewel thief named John Robie, nicknamed "The Cat", living in the French Riviera. [60] The show was not well received, but it lasted for 184 performances and several critics started to notice Grant as the "pleasant new juvenile" or "competent young newcomer". (Getty, File) ELVIRA, MISTRESS OF THE DARK, RECALLS HER 'SORT OF A DATE' WITH ELVIS PRESLEY. [7] Grant has volunteered as an actress and mentor with the Young Storytellers Foundation. [310] He wed Virginia Cherrill on February 9, 1934, at the Caxton Hall registry office in London. Critical and commercial success with Suzy later that year in which he played a French airman opposite Jean Harlow and Franchot Tone, led to him signing joint contracts with RKO and Columbia Pictures, enabling him to choose the stories that he felt suited his acting style. Through his mother, Jennifer, he is also known as the only grandson of American veteran superstar, Cary Grant. [18], When Grant was nine years old, his father placed his mother in Glenside Hospital, a mental institution, and told him that she had gone away on a "long holiday";[24] he later declared that she had died. [87] He played a suave playboy type in a number of films: Merrily We Go to Hell opposite Fredric March and Sylvia Sidney, Devil and the Deep with Tallulah Bankhead, Gary Cooper and Charles Laughton (Cooper and Grant had no scenes together), Hot Saturday opposite Nancy Carroll and Randolph Scott,[88] and Madame Butterfly with Sidney. Can't blame men for wanting him. $310,000 Last Sold Price. [390] He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for Penny Serenade (1941) and None but the Lonely Heart (1944). [17] Grant made arrangements for his mother to leave the institution in June 1935, shortly after he learned of her whereabouts. [221] Grant received his first of five Golden Globe Award for Best Actor Motion Picture Musical or Comedy nominations for his performance and finished the year as the most popular film star at the box office. [129] In 1938, he starred opposite Katharine Hepburn in the screwball comedy Bringing Up Baby, featuring a leopard and frequent bickering and verbal jousting between Grant and Hepburn. Who are the grandchildren of U. S. Grant? You'll Never Guess What Cary Grant's Daughter Revealed - thevintagenews The Los Angeles property on Wyton Dr. comes with major Hollywood pedigree, as it was once home to Cary Grant. 8x10 Picture Celebrity Print of Cary Grant And Jennifer Grant Haapy Family

Dollar General Glow Sticks, 223 Wylde Spiral Fluted Barrel 16'' Black, Salina Central High School Yearbooks, Uniswap Withdrawal Fees, Articles C